http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Saturday 28 February 2015
Why did the relationship not exist in the US before 1980 (or 1965) ?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The Fed model equilibrium remains an enigma. On one hand 30 years of data is available that shows how S&P earnings yield and 10-year government bond yield move in tandem. On the other hand there is no theoretical foundation to explain the relationship, and the best explanation academics came up with is that investors collectively suffer from 'money illusion'. A number of questions remain unanswered. Why was the relationship observed in the US and not in most other international markets? Do investors in the US (the world's largest equity market) suffer more from 'illusions' than investors in for example Austria and Finland? Why did the relationship not exist in the US before 1980 (or 1965) and why did the equilibrium break down during the 2008 crisis?
The Fed model equilibrium remains an enigma. On one hand 30 years of data is available that shows how S&P earnings yield and 10-year government bond yield move in tandem. On the other hand there is no theoretical foundation to explain the relationship, and the best explanation academics came up with is that investors collectively suffer from 'money illusion'. A number of questions remain unanswered. Why was the relationship observed in the US and not in most other international markets? Do investors in the US (the world's largest equity market) suffer more from 'illusions' than investors in for example Austria and Finland? Why did the relationship not exist in the US before 1980 (or 1965) and why did the equilibrium break down during the 2008 crisis?
Garlic was used as an antiseptic to prevent gangrene during World War I and World War II.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
The process of cooking garlic removes Allicin, thus mellowing its spiciness.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
This chemical (Allicin) opens thermo-transient receptor potential channels that are responsible for the burning sense of heat in foods.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
5 Ways to Speed Up Your Metabolism All Day.(5)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/speed-metabolism-all-day?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_362011&cid=partner_zergnet
Burn more calories without even trying.
5. Rest easy. Stress not only leads to high-calorie snacking, it can actually slow your metabolism. So it's important to take regular breaks from your busy day. If you have a desk job, meditating may not be the best choice as studies have shown that sitting for an hour or more reduces the fat-burning enzymes in your body by as much as 90 percent. Get up and dance to your favorite song, go for a five-minute brisk walk, or move through this de-stressing yoga sequence.
Friday 27 February 2015
That said, pregnancy at any age has advantages and disadvantages.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-20s_1494692.bc
That said, pregnancy at any age has advantages and disadvantages. We checked in with fertility specialists, financial consultants, relationship gurus, and 20-something moms to get a realistic picture of what it's like to have a child in your 20s.
That said, pregnancy at any age has advantages and disadvantages. We checked in with fertility specialists, financial consultants, relationship gurus, and 20-something moms to get a realistic picture of what it's like to have a child in your 20s.
Age and fertility: Getting pregnant in your 20s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-20s_1494692.bc
If you're trying to get pregnant in your 20s, time is on your side – and biology is, too. Your body is ready for pregnancy, and probably will be for a while if you decide to wait to start your family.
If you're trying to get pregnant in your 20s, time is on your side – and biology is, too. Your body is ready for pregnancy, and probably will be for a while if you decide to wait to start your family.
You can manage many of the risks of pregnancy at age 35 and up by seeing your doctor or midwife regularly for good prenatal care.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Your provider will take a detailed medical and family history of both prospective parents to identify conditions that might affect your pregnancy or your chances of getting pregnant.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
If you're considering getting pregnant, see your doctor or midwife for athorough examination. Your provider will take a detailed medical and family history of both prospective parents to identify conditions that might affect your pregnancy or your chances of getting pregnant.
If you're considering getting pregnant, see your doctor or midwife for athorough examination. Your provider will take a detailed medical and family history of both prospective parents to identify conditions that might affect your pregnancy or your chances of getting pregnant.
Proper diagnosis and treatment will help reduce the risks for you and your baby.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
The increased risk is largely due to underlying medical problems more common in older women. Proper diagnosis and treatment will help reduce the risks for you and your baby.
The increased risk is largely due to underlying medical problems more common in older women. Proper diagnosis and treatment will help reduce the risks for you and your baby.
Women who give birth at 35 or older have a higher risk of stillbirth and maternal death.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Women who give birth at 35 or older have a higher risk of stillbirth and maternal death (although the overall number of stillbirths and women who die in childbirth each year has dropped significantly in the United States in the last few decades).
Women who give birth at 35 or older have a higher risk of stillbirth and maternal death (although the overall number of stillbirths and women who die in childbirth each year has dropped significantly in the United States in the last few decades).
Make sure you do both of those (good care of themselves and prenatal care), and your chance of having a healthy baby should be similar to that of younger women who are also in good health.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Population studies don't take into account whether or not the moms took good care of themselves or if they received appropriate prenatal care.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
All of that sounds scary, but population studies don't take into account whether or not the moms took good care of themselves or if they received appropriate prenatal care.
All of that sounds scary, but population studies don't take into account whether or not the moms took good care of themselves or if they received appropriate prenatal care.
Some studies show that older women are more likely to need pitocin during labor.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Some studies show that older women are more likely to need pitocin during labor, and most studies show a significantly higher rate of delivery by cesarean section.
Some studies show that older women are more likely to need pitocin during labor, and most studies show a significantly higher rate of delivery by cesarean section.
Research also shows that your chances of having a low-birth-weight baby (less than 5 1/2 pounds) or a premature delivery increase with age.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
placenta previa (in which the placenta lies low in the uterus, partly or completely covering the cervix).
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
placental abruption (in which the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall).
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
You're also at higher risk of developing certain complications during pregnancy – such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
The older you are when you get pregnant, the more likely you are to have a chronic disease.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
The older you are when you get pregnant, the more likely you are to have a chronic disease, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, that may be undiagnosed and can affect your pregnancy.
The older you are when you get pregnant, the more likely you are to have a chronic disease, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, that may be undiagnosed and can affect your pregnancy.
Even after you get pregnant, age continues to have an effect.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
A genetic counselor can help you understand your particular risks.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
A genetic counselor can help you understand your particular risks and decide whether to have genetic testing to screen for or diagnose chromosomal problems or other birth defects.
A genetic counselor can help you understand your particular risks and decide whether to have genetic testing to screen for or diagnose chromosomal problems or other birth defects.
Keep in mind that every woman has a chance of having a baby with problems, no matter what her age.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Increasingly, couples are opting for "pre-conceptual counseling" – an opportunity to plan ahead and get information before getting pregnant.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
This is normally done by your obstetrician after you show up pregnant, but increasingly, couples are opting for "pre-conceptual counseling" – an opportunity to plan ahead and get information before getting pregnant.
This is normally done by your obstetrician after you show up pregnant, but increasingly, couples are opting for "pre-conceptual counseling" – an opportunity to plan ahead and get information before getting pregnant.
If you'll be 35 or older on your due date, you'll be offered genetic counseling.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
At age 40, the risk is 1 in 100.( Down Syndrome)
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Once you conceive, and you get past the first trimester miscarriages.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Once you conceive, and you get past the first trimester miscarriages, you face a higher risk of conceiving a baby with a chromosomal problem. This risk goes up every year.
Once you conceive, and you get past the first trimester miscarriages, you face a higher risk of conceiving a baby with a chromosomal problem. This risk goes up every year.
If you get pregnant at age 25, your risk of having a baby with Down syndrome, for example, is about 1 in 1,250.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
If you get pregnant at age 25, your risk of having a baby with Down syndrome, for example, is about 1 in 1,250, according to the National Institutes of Health.
If you get pregnant at age 25, your risk of having a baby with Down syndrome, for example, is about 1 in 1,250, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Infertility evaluation is generally recommended for women who have been trying for 12 months or longer.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Infertility evaluation is generally recommended for women who have been trying for 12 months or longer. But if you're 35 or older, don't wait a whole year. Get an evaluation after six months, or sooner if you suspect that something may not be right – such as if your periods aren't regular, or if you've had previous abdominal surgery.
Infertility evaluation is generally recommended for women who have been trying for 12 months or longer. But if you're 35 or older, don't wait a whole year. Get an evaluation after six months, or sooner if you suspect that something may not be right – such as if your periods aren't regular, or if you've had previous abdominal surgery.
Thursday 26 February 2015
Do investors in the US (the world's largest equity market) suffer more from 'illusions' than investors in for example Austria and Finland?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Why was the relationship observed in the US and not in most other international markets?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
A number of questions remain unanswered. Why was the relationship observed in the US and not in most other international markets?
A number of questions remain unanswered. Why was the relationship observed in the US and not in most other international markets?
On the other hand there is no theoretical foundation to explain the relationship.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
On the other hand there is no theoretical foundation to explain the relationship, and the best explanation academics came up with is that investors collectively suffer from 'money illusion'.
On the other hand there is no theoretical foundation to explain the relationship, and the best explanation academics came up with is that investors collectively suffer from 'money illusion'.
On one hand 30 years of data is available that shows how S&P earnings yield and 10-year government bond yield move in tandem.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Is the Fed model mis-specified?
The Fed model equilibrium remains an enigma. On one hand 30 years of data is available that shows how S&P earnings yield and 10-year government bond yield move in tandem.
Suggesting S&P500 is significantly undervalued.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
suggesting S&P500 is significantly undervalued. However, over the next twelve months, the S&P500 index fell from 1,325.19 (January 18, 2008) to 805.22 points (January 20, 2009), a drop of more than 39%.
suggesting S&P500 is significantly undervalued. However, over the next twelve months, the S&P500 index fell from 1,325.19 (January 18, 2008) to 805.22 points (January 20, 2009), a drop of more than 39%.
Thus S&P500 forward earning yield (1/13=7.69%) is higher than 10-year Treasury note yield (3.64%).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
As an example Tom Lauricella applied the Fed model to S&P500 index on January 19, 2008.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
He writes:
- With the past week's downturn, stocks in the Standard and Poor's 500-stock index are trading at 13 times their expected earnings for 2008. Last June, when the S&P index was 12% higher than it is now, stocks were priced at 14.2 times this year's earnings. Meanwhile, with a U.S. recession now widely expected and the Federal Reserve thought likely to cut short-term rates further, U.S. Treasury yields have fallen sharply. The 10-year Treasury note is yielding 3.64%, its lowest level since July 2003, and down from 3.81% a week ago.
Allicin has been found to be the compound most responsible for the "hot" sensation of raw garlic.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
A large number of sulfur compounds contribute to the smell and taste of garlic. Allicin has been found to be the compound most responsible for the "hot" sensation of raw garlic.
A large number of sulfur compounds contribute to the smell and taste of garlic. Allicin has been found to be the compound most responsible for the "hot" sensation of raw garlic.
People throughout history have used garlic to keep away insects such as mosquitoes and slugs.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
Although many humans enjoy the taste of garlic, these compounds are believed to have evolved as a defensive mechanism, deterring animals such as birds, insects, and worms from eating the plant.Because of this, people throughout history have used garlic to keep away insects such as mosquitoes and slugs.
Although many humans enjoy the taste of garlic, these compounds are believed to have evolved as a defensive mechanism, deterring animals such as birds, insects, and worms from eating the plant.Because of this, people throughout history have used garlic to keep away insects such as mosquitoes and slugs.
5 Ways to Speed Up Your Metabolism All Day.(4)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/speed-metabolism-all-day?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_362011&cid=partner_zergnet
Burn more calories without even trying.
4. Sip green tea or water. Green tea contains catechins, an antioxidant that raises resting metabolism by four percent (about 80 calories a day). If you're not into this beverage, sip plain old water to avoid dehydration, which can slow down metabolism.
But if you're 35 or older, don't wait a whole year. Get an Infertility evaluation after six months.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Infertility evaluation is generally recommended for women who have been trying for 12 months or longer. But if you're 35 or older, don't wait a whole year. Get an evaluation after six months, or sooner if you suspect that something may not be right – such as if your periods aren't regular, or if you've had previous abdominal surgery.
Infertility evaluation is generally recommended for women who have been trying for 12 months or longer. But if you're 35 or older, don't wait a whole year. Get an evaluation after six months, or sooner if you suspect that something may not be right – such as if your periods aren't regular, or if you've had previous abdominal surgery.
In 2008, when the number and rate of births fell in all other age groups, the pregnancy rate for women in their 40s rose about 3 percent.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
In 2008, when the number and rate of births fell in all other age groups, the pregnancy rate for women in their 40s rose about 3 percent (to the highest rate since 1967), and the rate for women age 45 and over rose 4 percent.
In 2008, when the number and rate of births fell in all other age groups, the pregnancy rate for women in their 40s rose about 3 percent (to the highest rate since 1967), and the rate for women age 45 and over rose 4 percent.
In 1970, the average age for a first-time mom was about 21. In 2008, the average age rose to 25.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
On the other hand, more women are having babies later in life in the United States than ever before. In 1970, the average age for a first-time mom was about 21. In 2008, the average age rose to 25.
On the other hand, more women are having babies later in life in the United States than ever before. In 1970, the average age for a first-time mom was about 21. In 2008, the average age rose to 25.
Women also have more trouble staying pregnant as they get older:-
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Women also have more trouble staying pregnant as they get older: The rates of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy go up substantially with age.
Women also have more trouble staying pregnant as they get older: The rates of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy go up substantially with age.
Women 45 and older rarely get pregnant, even with fertility treatment.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Women 45 and older rarely get pregnant, even with fertility treatment. Fertility specialists routinely recommend oocyte donation (IVF with eggs donated by a young egg donor) for these women because pregnancies with their own eggs are so rare.
Women 45 and older rarely get pregnant, even with fertility treatment. Fertility specialists routinely recommend oocyte donation (IVF with eggs donated by a young egg donor) for these women because pregnancies with their own eggs are so rare.
Even with fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization, women have more difficulty getting pregnant as they age.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
Fertility rates begin to decline gradually at age 30, more so at 35, and markedly at age 40.
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
What are the risks of having a baby if I'm 35 or older?
http://www.babycenter.com/404_what-are-the-risks-of-having-a-baby-if-im-35-or-older_3127.bc
The biggest obstacle for women age 35 or older may be getting pregnant in the first place.
The biggest obstacle for women age 35 or older may be getting pregnant in the first place.
Some women are banking their eggs now in case they have difficulty conceiving as they get older.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
your odds of success with assisted reproductive technology are much better with younger eggs.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Although your chances for a healthy pregnancy decline in your late 30s and 40s, your odds of success with assisted reproductive technology are much better with younger eggs.
Although your chances for a healthy pregnancy decline in your late 30s and 40s, your odds of success with assisted reproductive technology are much better with younger eggs.
What to do if you want to wait to get pregnant:-
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
If you'd like to have children someday but aren't quite ready, you may want to look into freezing your eggs.
If you'd like to have children someday but aren't quite ready, you may want to look into freezing your eggs.
And if there are reasons you may have trouble getting pregnant:-
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
And if there are reasons you may have trouble getting pregnant – such as a history of irregular or missed periods, sexually transmitted diseases, or pelvic pain – you may want to see an expert even sooner.
And if there are reasons you may have trouble getting pregnant – such as a history of irregular or missed periods, sexually transmitted diseases, or pelvic pain – you may want to see an expert even sooner.
If you're 35 or older, see a specialist if you've had frequent unprotected sex for at least six months and still aren't pregnant.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
What to do if you want to get pregnant now:-If you're younger than 35.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
If you're younger than 35 and have had frequent (about two or three times a week) unprotected sex for a year without becoming pregnant, then it's time to consult a fertility expert.
If you're younger than 35 and have had frequent (about two or three times a week) unprotected sex for a year without becoming pregnant, then it's time to consult a fertility expert.
So older women are statistically less likely to get pregnant, but if they do, they're more likely to have twins.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
When this hormonal surge occurs, there's a chance you may release more than one egg during a cycle, upping the odds of a multiple birth.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
But as you get older, your follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level increases.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Typically, you release one egg a cycle.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Age 35 to 39 is also when women are most likely to have twins.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Age 35 to 39 is also when women are most likely to have twins – even without the fertility treatments that raise the odds of a multiple birth.
Age 35 to 39 is also when women are most likely to have twins – even without the fertility treatments that raise the odds of a multiple birth.
The risk of miscarriage is 18 percent at age 35.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Similarly, miscarriage risk rises slowly during the early 30s, but starts to increase quickly during the mid to late 30s: The risk is 18 percent at age 35, but it increases to 34 percent by the early 40s.
Similarly, miscarriage risk rises slowly during the early 30s, but starts to increase quickly during the mid to late 30s: The risk is 18 percent at age 35, but it increases to 34 percent by the early 40s.
Similarly, miscarriage risk rises slowly during the early 30s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Your chances of conceiving within a year are about 75 percent.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Your chances of conceiving within a year are about 75 percent. But fertility wanes as you age, so in your late 30s, your chance of getting pregnant within a year drops to 65 percent.
Your chances of conceiving within a year are about 75 percent. But fertility wanes as you age, so in your late 30s, your chance of getting pregnant within a year drops to 65 percent.
Overall, in your 30s you have about a 15 percent chance of getting pregnant in any single ovulation cycle.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Overall, in your 30s you have about a 15 percent chance of getting pregnant in any single ovulation cycle, according to leading fertility specialist Sherman Silber, director of the Infertility Center of St. Louis at St. Luke's Hospital in Missouri and author of four best-selling fertility books, including How to Get Pregnant.
Overall, in your 30s you have about a 15 percent chance of getting pregnant in any single ovulation cycle, according to leading fertility specialist Sherman Silber, director of the Infertility Center of St. Louis at St. Luke's Hospital in Missouri and author of four best-selling fertility books, including How to Get Pregnant.
The majority of 35-year-old women still won't have a problem, he says. "However, by 38 or 39, age becomes a big factor."
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Your odds of success
Goldfarb, who sees couples struggling with fertility issues every day in his Cleveland practice, puts the statistics into perspective: "There's a clear drop-off in fertility between ages 29 and 35, but the majority of 35-year-old women still won't have a problem," he says. "However, by 38 or 39, age becomes a big factor."
Wednesday 25 February 2015
Traditional value investing methods using only the market's P/E have significantly more efficacy than the Fed model.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
But it turns out that the Fed model has no power to forecast long term stock returns.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Lack of predictive power
If the Fed model is indeed an equity valuation theory with descriptive validity, it should be able to identify over-valued and under-valued assets. But it turns out that the Fed model has no power to forecast long term stock returns.
And a study of international data showed that the Fed model equilibrium only shows up in 2 out of 20 evaluated international markets.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
And a study of international data showed that the Fed model equilibrium only shows up in 2 out of 20 evaluated international markets.It seems that the empirical support for the Fed model is then based on carefully chosen and limited evidence.
And a study of international data showed that the Fed model equilibrium only shows up in 2 out of 20 evaluated international markets.It seems that the empirical support for the Fed model is then based on carefully chosen and limited evidence.
The Fed model equilibrium specifically seemed to break down during the height of the financial crisis in 2008.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Over the period from 1999 to 2010 was reported to be –0.80 with statistical significance. The Fed model equilibrium specifically seemed to break down during the height of the financial crisis in 2008, when the yield on 10-year Treasuries reached an all-time low at 2.4% whereas the S&P 500 earnings yield reached a 20-year-high at more than 8%, a gap of 6 percentage points.
Over the period from 1999 to 2010 was reported to be –0.80 with statistical significance. The Fed model equilibrium specifically seemed to break down during the height of the financial crisis in 2008, when the yield on 10-year Treasuries reached an all-time low at 2.4% whereas the S&P 500 earnings yield reached a 20-year-high at more than 8%, a gap of 6 percentage points.
The correlation between earnings yield and government bond yields was only 19% over the 1881–2002 period.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The relationship is observed for the S&P 500 index between ~1980 and ~2005 but data outside of this time window, or in different international markets do not show the same pattern.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Data selection and international markets
The Fed model equilibrium was only observed in one market, and for a limited time window. More specifically, the relationship is observed for the S&P 500 index between ~1980 and ~2005 but data outside of this time window, or in different international markets do not show the same pattern.
It is also pointed out that the Fed model compares a real magnitude (E/P) with a nominal interest rate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The three assumptions seem unrealistic at best. It is also pointed out that the Fed model compares a real magnitude (E/P) with a nominal interest rate.Inflation should affect the bond yield, but not the earnings yield.
The three assumptions seem unrealistic at best. It is also pointed out that the Fed model compares a real magnitude (E/P) with a nominal interest rate.Inflation should affect the bond yield, but not the earnings yield.
Among the members of the onion family, garlic has by far the highest concentrations of initial reaction products.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
Among the members of the onion family, garlic has by far the highest concentrations of initial reaction products, making garlic much more potent than onion, shallot, or leeks.
Among the members of the onion family, garlic has by far the highest concentrations of initial reaction products, making garlic much more potent than onion, shallot, or leeks.
Some of the compounds of Garlic are unstable and continue to react over time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
The resultant compounds are responsible for the sharp or hot taste and strong smell of garlic. Some of the compounds are unstable and continue to react over time.
The resultant compounds are responsible for the sharp or hot taste and strong smell of garlic. Some of the compounds are unstable and continue to react over time.
5 Ways to Speed Up Your Metabolism All Day.(3)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/speed-metabolism-all-day?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_362011&cid=partner_zergnet
Burn more calories without even trying.
3. Push yourself. Right before every meal and snack, get on the floor and do 20 to 50 pushups (choose the amount for your strength level). Short bursts of exercise can lead to an after burn of 200 calories throughout the day, and lean muscle also burns more fat.
But by the time they're ready for their next child, say at 39, those same medications are less likely to work.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"I always tell women to think about that second pregnancy," says fertility specialist James Goldfarb, director of infertility services and IVF at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Cleveland, Ohio. "At age 35 or 36, many women need only minor, if any, medical intervention to get pregnant. But by the time they're ready for their next child, say at 39, those same medications are less likely to work."
"I always tell women to think about that second pregnancy," says fertility specialist James Goldfarb, director of infertility services and IVF at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Cleveland, Ohio. "At age 35 or 36, many women need only minor, if any, medical intervention to get pregnant. But by the time they're ready for their next child, say at 39, those same medications are less likely to work."
At age 35 or 36, many women need only minor, if any, medical intervention to get pregnant.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
At 35, a woman needs to get serious if she wants to have children – especially if she wants more than one.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Of course, fertility is different for every woman, but experts say that at 35, a woman needs to get serious if she wants to have children – especially if she wants more than one.
Of course, fertility is different for every woman, but experts say that at 35, a woman needs to get serious if she wants to have children – especially if she wants more than one.
Fertility is different for every woman.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Increased cesarean rates are caused by pregnancy problems like fetal distress or prolonged second-stage labor.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Experts say these increased cesarean rates are caused by pregnancy problems like fetal distress or prolonged second-stage labor, which are more common for older mothers.
Experts say these increased cesarean rates are caused by pregnancy problems like fetal distress or prolonged second-stage labor, which are more common for older mothers.
Mothers this age( In 35+) have about a 43 percent chance of a c-section delivery compared to a roughly 30 percent chance for mothers in their 20s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Cesarean rates are also higher for women older than 35: Mothers this age have about a 43 percent chance of a c-section delivery compared to a roughly 30 percent chance for mothers in their 20s.
Cesarean rates are also higher for women older than 35: Mothers this age have about a 43 percent chance of a c-section delivery compared to a roughly 30 percent chance for mothers in their 20s.
women 35 and older are more likely than younger women to have an ectopic pregnancy.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Miscarriage rates also rise slowly but steadily as women age, as do pregnancy-related complications. And women 35 and older are more likely than younger women to have an ectopic pregnancy.
Miscarriage rates also rise slowly but steadily as women age, as do pregnancy-related complications. And women 35 and older are more likely than younger women to have an ectopic pregnancy.
women have cell-free fetal DNA blood testing, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, or other detailed screenings starting in the mid 30s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
That age is also when other genetic problems become more of a concern, so experts routinely recommend that women have cell-free fetal DNA blood testing, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, or other detailed screenings starting in the mid 30s.
That age is also when other genetic problems become more of a concern, so experts routinely recommend that women have cell-free fetal DNA blood testing, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, or other detailed screenings starting in the mid 30s.
In your early 30s, your chances of getting pregnant are only slightly lower than in your late 20s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
In your early 30s, your chances of getting pregnant are only slightly lower than in your late 20s, and your risk of having a miscarriage or a baby with Down syndrome is only slightly higher. But at 35, that decline in fertility begins to accelerate.
In your early 30s, your chances of getting pregnant are only slightly lower than in your late 20s, and your risk of having a miscarriage or a baby with Down syndrome is only slightly higher. But at 35, that decline in fertility begins to accelerate.
Every study you read or expert you consult will agree that 35 is a milestone for women when it comes to having children.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"Keep up with the trade publications, attend conferences, have an occasional lunch with a former colleague, or take a course at your community college," she says.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"Even if you don't plan to return to work anytime soon, if you keep your hand in, you'll have that option."
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Azner also advises women who want to stay in the job market to maintain their professional skills and contacts so it will be easier to return.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"Educate yourself," says Azner.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"Educate yourself," says Azner. "For example, if your 401k plan is going to vest next year, can you hold off on getting pregnant for a few months, so you won't miss that opportunity?"
"Educate yourself," says Azner. "For example, if your 401k plan is going to vest next year, can you hold off on getting pregnant for a few months, so you won't miss that opportunity?"
counseling of women to do what they can to mitigate the financial consequences of taking time off to have a child.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
To make it work for you, Marnie Azner, an independent financial adviser based in Morris Plains, New Jersey, counsels women to do what they can to mitigate the financial consequences of taking time off to have a child.
To make it work for you, Marnie Azner, an independent financial adviser based in Morris Plains, New Jersey, counsels women to do what they can to mitigate the financial consequences of taking time off to have a child.
You think you can do it all, and in your 30s, you almost can.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
"You're more relaxed about being a parent than you were in your 20s, so you can have more fun, and you aren't as tired as you are in your 40s. You think you can do it all, and in your 30s, you almost can."
"You're more relaxed about being a parent than you were in your 20s, so you can have more fun, and you aren't as tired as you are in your 40s. You think you can do it all, and in your 30s, you almost can."
"Your career is launched, you ( In 30s) still look and feel great, and you have the energy to keep up with your kids," she says.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
If she had to choose, she would pick the 30s as the ideal childbearing decade:-
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Nicole Rogers, director of sales at the San Francisco Marriott, had one child in her 20s, three in her 30s, and one at 41. If she had to choose, she would pick the 30s as the ideal childbearing decade.
Nicole Rogers, director of sales at the San Francisco Marriott, had one child in her 20s, three in her 30s, and one at 41. If she had to choose, she would pick the 30s as the ideal childbearing decade.
Yet you(In 30 s) may have more flexibility than a woman in her 40s, who might find it personally and professionally difficult to interrupt a high-level career to have a child.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
You ( In 30s) probably have a higher income and a better financial cushion than you did in your 20s because you've had more time to become established in the working world.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
In many ways, having children in your 30s makes financial and practical sense.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Women in 30s are less likely to be as set in their ways as women in their 40s, says San Francisco psychotherapist Leah Seidler.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Everyone is different, but women this age(30s) probably know themselves better than women in their 20s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Luckily, new moms in their 30s still have a lot of stamina and resilience, qualities that come in handy for parenting young children.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
If one now assumes that 100% of the earnings are paid as dividend (D=E).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
If one now assumes that 100% of the earnings are paid as dividend (D=E), the growth rate is equal to zero, and the equity risk premium is also equal to zero, one gets the Fed model: E/P=
.
If one now assumes that 100% of the earnings are paid as dividend (D=E), the growth rate is equal to zero, and the equity risk premium is also equal to zero, one gets the Fed model: E/P=
.Gordon growth Model.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
And how do corporate bonds (with a yield above the government bond yield) fit into this picture? A number of assumptions need to be made to go from the constant growth dividend discount model to the Fed model. Estrada starts with the Gordon growth model
where P is the current price and D the current dividend, G the expected long-term growth rate, the risk free rate (10-year treasury notes) and RP the equity risk premium.
the risk free rate (10-year treasury notes) and RP the equity risk premium.But the earnings yield (E/P) of a stock does not describe what an investor actually receives as not all earnings are paid out to the investor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Tuesday 24 February 2015
The competing asset argument listed above argues that only when stocks have the same yield as government bonds, both asset classes are equally attractive to investors.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Lack of theoretical support
The competing asset argument listed above argues that only when stocks have the same yield as government bonds, both asset classes are equally attractive to investors.
Academics have concluded that the model is inconsistent with rational valuation of the stock market.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Criticism
Criticism on the Fed model has been harsh, and a number of papers with creative titles were published by academia such as "The fed model: The bad, the worse, and the ugly" and "Fight the FED model". Academics have concluded that the model is inconsistent with rational valuation of the stock market.
Other authors see inflation as the driver behind the Fed model.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Other authors see inflation as the driver behind the Fed model but hypothesize it is not investor stupidity but accounting rules or investor risk aversion during times of inflation that causes the Fed model equilibrium.
Other authors see inflation as the driver behind the Fed model but hypothesize it is not investor stupidity but accounting rules or investor risk aversion during times of inflation that causes the Fed model equilibrium.
Asness ‘fights the Fed model’ as a normative model.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Asness ‘fights the Fed model’ as a normative model but acknowledges that the model has certain descriptive validity and as a positive model cannot simply be dismissed.
Asness ‘fights the Fed model’ as a normative model but acknowledges that the model has certain descriptive validity and as a positive model cannot simply be dismissed.
The phytochemicals responsible for the sharp flavor of garlic are produced when the plant's cells are damaged. ( In Garlic)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
The phytochemicals responsible for the sharp flavor of garlic are produced when the plant's cells are damaged.
The phytochemicals responsible for the sharp flavor of garlic are produced when the plant's cells are damaged.
5 Ways to Speed Up Your Metabolism All Day.(2)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/speed-metabolism-all-day?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_362011&cid=partner_zergnet
Burn more calories without even trying.
2. Don't skimp on lean protien. Protein also requires more energy to digest while keeping you feeling full and satisfied, so be sure to include this essential nutrient in every meal and snack.
That's why fertility experts caution women in their 30s not to wait too long, especially if you want to have more than one child.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
As the decade progresses, fertility decreases significantly for most women.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
That's the good news. The bad news is there's a tremendous difference in your ability to get pregnant in your early 30s as opposed to your late 30s.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
And hopefully you and your partner have had some adventures together before you embark on parenthood, the greatest adventure of all.
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Age and fertility: Getting pregnant in your 30s
http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-and-fertility-getting-pregnant-in-your-30s_1494695.bc
Many consider the 30s the happy medium for motherhood. You're more likely to be secure in your career and in your relationship, which will provide a firm foundation for your growing family.
Many consider the 30s the happy medium for motherhood. You're more likely to be secure in your career and in your relationship, which will provide a firm foundation for your growing family.
Getting to that magical day when you come home with a healthy, fluffy bundle in your arms:-
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
No. Getting to that magical day when you come home with a healthy, fluffy bundle in your arms may be tougher than if you were 25, but the evidence tells us you're going to be a great mum.
No. Getting to that magical day when you come home with a healthy, fluffy bundle in your arms may be tougher than if you were 25, but the evidence tells us you're going to be a great mum.
If you're not pregnant by 35, should you beat yourself up?
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Taking folic acid (and possibly vitamin D) supplements and keeping to a healthy weight help.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Taking folic acid (and possibly vitamin D) supplements; stopping smoking; avoiding alcohol; keeping to a healthy weight; taking regular exercise and a healthy balanced diet; and getting regular check-ups will all help.
Taking folic acid (and possibly vitamin D) supplements; stopping smoking; avoiding alcohol; keeping to a healthy weight; taking regular exercise and a healthy balanced diet; and getting regular check-ups will all help.
Whichever end of the age spectrum you're at, you can have a healthy baby by looking after your own health.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Whichever end of the age spectrum you're at, you can hugely improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby by looking after your own health.
Whichever end of the age spectrum you're at, you can hugely improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby by looking after your own health.
And there's no getting round the fact that the risk of having a baby with a genetic condition like Down's syndrome rises steadily with age.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
They are also more likely to have problems in labour, to need a Caesarean section or to have a stillbirth.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Like young mums, they are also at higher risk of pre-eclampsia.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
They're more likely to have health problems like high blood pressure or diabetes, either dating from before they get pregnant or developing during pregnancy.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
But these women are more likely to have problems with pregnancy, in addition to finding it harder to get pregnant in the first place and having a higher rate of miscarriage.(Women in their late 30s )
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Statistics tell us they're more likely to have planned their pregnancy.(Women in their late 30s )
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Statistics tell us they're more likely to have planned their pregnancy, giving themselves the chance to stop drinking alcohol and start takingfolic acid before they get pregnant.
Statistics tell us they're more likely to have planned their pregnancy, giving themselves the chance to stop drinking alcohol and start takingfolic acid before they get pregnant.
Women in their late 30s are likely to have more life experience.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Women in their late 30s are likely to have more life experience and a bigger support network of friends who have gone through pregnancy and bringing up kids themselves.
Women in their late 30s are likely to have more life experience and a bigger support network of friends who have gone through pregnancy and bringing up kids themselves.
Many more mature mums are more than ready for the total upheaval (of the best sort) that the birth of a new baby brings.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Many women who get pregnant in their late 30s or early 40s have completely normal pregnancies and healthy babies.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
And without the support they need, they're less likely to breast-feed, with all the benefits that brings their baby.( Teenage Mothers)
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
They're also more likely to develop pre-eclampsia.( Teenage Mothers)
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
They're also more likely to develop pre-eclampsia - a condition connected to high blood pressure, which can cause serious health complications for mother and baby.
They're also more likely to develop pre-eclampsia - a condition connected to high blood pressure, which can cause serious health complications for mother and baby.
Teenage mothers just may not always be physically mature enough to give their baby all the nutrients they need.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Teenage mums being more likely to smoke.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Young mums are more likely to go into labour prematurely and to have a low birthweight baby.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Young mums are more likely to go into labour prematurely and to have a low birthweight baby, which can be associated with medical problems.
Young mums are more likely to go into labour prematurely and to have a low birthweight baby, which can be associated with medical problems.
When you're young,you may not have the social support.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
When you're young, you have levels of energy you can only dream of by the time you reach 40. But you may not have the social support you need to cope with the huge changes being a mother will make to your life. And there is no doubt that it is an upheaval - my 17-year-old son's favourite singer, Jonathan Coulton, sums it up in the words of one of his songs: 'You ruined everything - in the nicest way'.
When you're young, you have levels of energy you can only dream of by the time you reach 40. But you may not have the social support you need to cope with the huge changes being a mother will make to your life. And there is no doubt that it is an upheaval - my 17-year-old son's favourite singer, Jonathan Coulton, sums it up in the words of one of his songs: 'You ruined everything - in the nicest way'.
Pregnancy is pretty much always exciting and scary, often in equal measure.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Pregnancy is pretty much always exciting and scary, often in equal measure. But having a baby when you're younger or older than the average can bring special challenges.
Pregnancy is pretty much always exciting and scary, often in equal measure. But having a baby when you're younger or older than the average can bring special challenges.
By confusing real and nominal investors suffer from ‘money illusion’.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Inflation and money illusion
Clifford Asness argues that investors actually set stock market P/Es based on nominal interest rates that they do so in error. By confusing real and nominal investors suffer from ‘money illusion’.
The net result is that the Fed model is a significant valuation tool.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The net result is that the Fed model is a significant valuation tool which prominent investors use to check whether they should be buying stocks or bonds. And when those inflection points come about, markets move. Because when the advocates say it's time to buy, a wave of trading orders are placed.”
The net result is that the Fed model is a significant valuation tool which prominent investors use to check whether they should be buying stocks or bonds. And when those inflection points come about, markets move. Because when the advocates say it's time to buy, a wave of trading orders are placed.”
The fact is, influential market players embrace the Fed model.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Users
MoneyWeek (April 28, 2010) argued that
- “The Fed model matters because important people use it. Analysts across the board, from JP Morgan, to ING, to Prudential – I could go on and on – use the Fed model in their calculations.The fact is, influential market players embrace the Fed model. Whether they truly believe in it or not is immaterial.
Monday 23 February 2015
Salomons shows a correlation of 75% over the 1995–2002 period.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Historical data
For example Salomons shows a correlation of 75% over the 1995–2002 period. However, over the 1881–2002 period the correlation was only 19% and in recent years the correlation has broken down completely.
Another argument often mentioned in favor of the Fed model is the present value of stocks should be equal to the sum of its discounted future cash flows.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Present value
Another argument often mentioned in favor of the Fed model is the present value of stocks should be equal to the sum of its discounted future cash flows. The government bond rate can be seen as a proxy for the risk-free rate. When the government bond rate falls, the discount rate falls, and the present value rises. And this implies that when interest rates fall, E/P also falls.
When funds flow from bonds into stocks on a large scale, the yield on bonds should increase and the yield on stocks decrease.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Competing assets argument
Stocks and bonds are competing asset classes for investors. When stocks yield more than bonds, investors are better off investing in stocks. When funds flow from bonds into stocks on a large scale, the yield on bonds should increase and the yield on stocks decrease, until the Fed model equilibrium is reached.
The leaves are 87.14% water, 11.27% organic matter, and 1.59% inorganic matter.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
The composition of the bulbs is approximately 84.09% water, 13.38% organic matter, and 1.53% inorganic matter.(Garlic Bulbs)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
5 Ways to Speed Up Your Metabolism All Day.(1)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/speed-metabolism-all-day?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_362011&cid=partner_zergnet
Have a sluggish metabolism? Fight back by doing these things throughout your day to boost your metabolism from morning 'til night.
1. Eat produce at every meal. The chewiness of fruits, veggies, and whole grains makes your mouth work harder, and the high-fiber content also takes more energy to digest, which combined adds up to a 10 percent increase in calorie burn. Choose these foods in their whole, natural state to reap more of the metabolism-boosting benefits.
Older mothers actually had healthier babies.
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Last month, the same newspaper was confidently informing us, without a hint of a blush, that older mothers actually had healthier babies. So what's the truth behind the headlines?
Last month, the same newspaper was confidently informing us, without a hint of a blush, that older mothers actually had healthier babies. So what's the truth behind the headlines?
Getting pregnant - what age is best?
http://www.patient.co.uk/blogs/sarah-says/2012/10/getting-pregnant---what-age-is-best
Every so often the media gets hold of a headline that offers another stick with which to beat us. Three years ago it was the idea that women should stop waiting for the perfect man and get on with getting pregnant before it was too late .
Every so often the media gets hold of a headline that offers another stick with which to beat us. Three years ago it was the idea that women should stop waiting for the perfect man and get on with getting pregnant before it was too late .
Screening tests for sickle cell disease and Thalassaemia. (Other things to consider)
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Medical conditions in yourself, or conditions which run in your family.(Other things to consider)
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Your medication - including herbal and 'over-the-counter' medicines. Are they safe?
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Immunisation against chickenpox if you are a healthcare worker and have not previously had chickenpox and so are not immune.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Immunisation against hepatitis B if you are at increased risk of getting this infection.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Your iodine intake and perhaps discuss with your doctor about iodine supplements.(Other things to consider)
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Liquorice - reduce your intake if you eat lots of it.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Street (illicit) drugs - you are strongly advised to stop completely.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Smoking - you are strongly advised to stop completely.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Alcohol - you are strongly advised not to drink at all.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Caffeine in tea, coffee, cola, etc - have no more than 200 mg per day.(Things you should stop or cut down on)
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Caffeine in tea, coffee, cola, etc - have no more than 200 mg per day. For example, this is in about two mugs of instant coffee, or one mug of brewed coffee and a 50 g bar of plain chocolate, or two and a half mugs of tea.
Caffeine in tea, coffee, cola, etc - have no more than 200 mg per day. For example, this is in about two mugs of instant coffee, or one mug of brewed coffee and a 50 g bar of plain chocolate, or two and a half mugs of tea.
Sheep, lambs, cat poo (faeces), cat litters, and raw meat, which may carry certain infections.(Things you should avoid)
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Fish which may contain a lot of mercury - shark, marlin, swordfish, or excess tuna.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Listeriosis - don't eat undercooked meat or eggs, soft cheese, pâté, shellfish, raw fish, or unpasteurised milk.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Too much vitamin A - don't eat liver or liver products, or take vitamin A supplements.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Have strict food hygiene. In particular, wash your hands after handling raw meat, or handling cats and kittens, and before you prepare food.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Have strict food hygiene. In particular, wash your hands after handling raw meat, or handling cats and kittens, and before you prepare food.
Have strict food hygiene. In particular, wash your hands after handling raw meat, or handling cats and kittens, and before you prepare food.
Eat a healthy diet. Include foods rich in iron, calcium and folic acid; also, some oily fish.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Have a blood test to check if you are immune against rubella, and to screen for hepatitis B, syphilis, and HIV.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Have a blood test to check if you are immune against rubella, and to screen for hepatitis B, syphilis, and HIV. Ask your practice nurse to do this.
Have a blood test to check if you are immune against rubella, and to screen for hepatitis B, syphilis, and HIV. Ask your practice nurse to do this.
Take vitamin D supplements when you become pregnant.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Sunday 22 February 2015
While not unanimous, there is broad consensus in the non-academic investing community that the basic comparison underlying the Fed model is valid.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
Support for the Fed model
While not unanimous, there is broad consensus in the non-academic investing community that the basic comparison underlying the Fed model is valid.
A bond yield versus equity yield comparison has been used in practice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
A bond yield versus equity yield comparison has been used in practice long before the Fed published the graph and Yardeni gave it a name. A variant of this, first the expected AAA bond yield from the Blue Chip survey verusus the forward-earnings yield on the S&P 500, and then later versus the 10-year Treasury was developed by Dirk van Dijk at I/B/E/S in the mid-1980s.
A bond yield versus equity yield comparison has been used in practice long before the Fed published the graph and Yardeni gave it a name. A variant of this, first the expected AAA bond yield from the Blue Chip survey verusus the forward-earnings yield on the S&P 500, and then later versus the 10-year Treasury was developed by Dirk van Dijk at I/B/E/S in the mid-1980s.
The Fed model was never officially endorsed by the Fed.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The Fed model was never officially endorsed by the Fed, but former Fed chairman Alan Greenspan seemed to make reference to it in his memoirs: “The decline of real (inflation adjusted) long-term interest rates that has occurred in the last two decades has been associated with rising price-to-earnings ratios for stocks, real estate, and in fact all income-earnings assets.”
The Fed model was never officially endorsed by the Fed, but former Fed chairman Alan Greenspan seemed to make reference to it in his memoirs: “The decline of real (inflation adjusted) long-term interest rates that has occurred in the last two decades has been associated with rising price-to-earnings ratios for stocks, real estate, and in fact all income-earnings assets.”
As a result, the yield on ten-year Treasury notes now exceeds the ratio of twelve-month-ahead earnings to prices.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
As a result, the yield on ten-year Treasury notes now exceeds the ratio of twelve-month-ahead earnings to prices by the largest amount since 1991, when earnings were depressed by the economic slowdown."
As a result, the yield on ten-year Treasury notes now exceeds the ratio of twelve-month-ahead earnings to prices by the largest amount since 1991, when earnings were depressed by the economic slowdown."
The Fed model was so named by Ed Yardeni.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The Fed model was so named by Ed Yardeni,at Deutsche Morgan Grenfell, based on a statement made in the Humphrey-Hawkins report of July 22, 1997 issued by the Federal Reserve that warned:
- “…changes in this ratio [P/E of the S&P 500 index] have often been inversely related to changes in the long-term Treasury yields, but this year's stock price gains were not matched by a significant net decline in interest rates.
The model is often used as a simple tool to measure attractiveness of equity.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
The model is often used as a simple tool to measure attractiveness of equity, and to help allocating funds between equity and bonds. When for example the equity earnings yield is above the government bond yield, investors should shift funds from bonds into equity.
The model is often used as a simple tool to measure attractiveness of equity, and to help allocating funds between equity and bonds. When for example the equity earnings yield is above the government bond yield, investors should shift funds from bonds into equity.
In its strongest form the Fed model states that bond and stock market are in equilibrium.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fed_model
In its strongest form the Fed model states that bond and stock market are in equilibrium, and fairly valued, when the one-year forward-looking earnings yield equals the 10-year Treasury note yield 
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So allixin and/or its analogs may be useful compounds for cancer Prevention.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
Allixin showed an antitumor promoting effect in vivo, inhibiting skin tumor formation by TPA and DMBA initiated mice.Analogs of this compound have exhibited antitumor promoting effects in in vitro experimental conditions. So allixin and/or its analogs may be useful compounds for cancer prevention.
Allixin showed an antitumor promoting effect in vivo, inhibiting skin tumor formation by TPA and DMBA initiated mice.Analogs of this compound have exhibited antitumor promoting effects in in vitro experimental conditions. So allixin and/or its analogs may be useful compounds for cancer prevention.
Furthermore, a phytoalexin (allixin) was found.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic
Furthermore, aphytoalexin (allixin) was found, a nonsulfur compound with a γ-pyrone skeleton structure with antioxidant effects, antimicrobial effects,antitumor promoting effects,inhibition of aflatoxin B2 DNA binding,and neurotrophic effects.
Furthermore, aphytoalexin (allixin) was found, a nonsulfur compound with a γ-pyrone skeleton structure with antioxidant effects, antimicrobial effects,antitumor promoting effects,inhibition of aflatoxin B2 DNA binding,and neurotrophic effects.
The (15 Minute) Belly Blasting Workout.(7)
http://www.womenshealthmag.com/fitness/get-rid-of-belly?cm_sp=Hotlist-_-Fitness-_-The15MinuteBellyBlastingWorkout
Sit on a stability ball, facing a wall. Lie back so the middle to small of your back is resting on the ball. Place your feet hip-width apart on the wall with your knees bent 90 degrees; cross your arms over your chest. Curl up and twist through the waist to the left. Return to center and curl down so your back is parallel to the floor, then twist up to the right. That's one rep. Do 10 to 12.
Sit on a stability ball, facing a wall. Lie back so the middle to small of your back is resting on the ball. Place your feet hip-width apart on the wall with your knees bent 90 degrees; cross your arms over your chest. Curl up and twist through the waist to the left. Return to center and curl down so your back is parallel to the floor, then twist up to the right. That's one rep. Do 10 to 12.
Take folic acid tablets before you get pregnant until 12 weeks of pregnancy.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Most pregnancies go well and without any major problems.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Summary and checklist
Most pregnancies go well and without any major problems. But, it is wise to reduce any risks as much as possible.
Genetic testing is a rapidly developing area of medicine.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Genetic testing is a rapidly developing area of medicine. It may be possible that more tests will become available to detect carriers of various diseases. When they become available, these may be tests to consider before becoming pregnant.
Genetic testing is a rapidly developing area of medicine. It may be possible that more tests will become available to detect carriers of various diseases. When they become available, these may be tests to consider before becoming pregnant.
Since October 2008, all pregnant women in England have been offered a screening test for sickle cell disease and thalassaemia.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Screening tests
Since October 2008, all pregnant women in England have been offered a screening test for sickle cell disease and thalassaemia. Some women may wish to have the screening test before becoming pregnant, especially if their family origins make these diseases more likely. See your doctor to discuss this.
Ideally, do this before you become pregnant; or, if the pregnancy is unplanned, as soon as possible.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
If in doubt about any medical condition that you have or treatment that you take with regard to their effect on pregnancy then see your doctor. Ideally, do this before you become pregnant; or, if the pregnancy is unplanned, as soon as possible.
If in doubt about any medical condition that you have or treatment that you take with regard to their effect on pregnancy then see your doctor. Ideally, do this before you become pregnant; or, if the pregnancy is unplanned, as soon as possible.
If a hereditary condition runs in your family, you may benefit from genetic counselling.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
For some conditions, the condition itself may require special attention during the pregnancy - for example, diabetes.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
For some conditions, the medication or treatment may possibly affect the pregnancy or the unborn child - for example, epilepsy.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Women with certain medical conditions may benefit from advice before becoming pregnant.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Medical conditions
Women with certain medical conditions may benefit from advice before becoming pregnant. See your doctor if you have concerns about a medical condition which may affect pregnancy.
You may not wish to discuss with your employer your intention to become pregnant, but have a health and safety concern at work.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
You may not wish to discuss with your employer your intention to become pregnant, but have a health and safety concern at work. One option then is to contact the HSE for advice on their Infoline - Tel: 0845 345 0055.
You may not wish to discuss with your employer your intention to become pregnant, but have a health and safety concern at work. One option then is to contact the HSE for advice on their Infoline - Tel: 0845 345 0055.
In short, if you think that your occupation may pose a risk to a pregnancy, then a change in job, or working practice, may be necessary.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
The above are just examples. In short, if you think that your occupation may pose a risk to a pregnancy, then you should discuss this with your employer before becoming pregnant. A change in job, or working practice, may be necessary.
The above are just examples. In short, if you think that your occupation may pose a risk to a pregnancy, then you should discuss this with your employer before becoming pregnant. A change in job, or working practice, may be necessary.
If you work with chemicals, fumes, radiation, etc. Some may be toxic to an unborn baby.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Women with hepatitis B can pass on the infection to their child at childbirth.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
If your job puts you at risk of contracting hepatitis B, you should be immunised against this virus. For example, if you are a healthcare worker, or work at a daycare or residential centre. (Women with hepatitis B can pass on the infection to their child at childbirth.)
If your job puts you at risk of contracting hepatitis B, you should be immunised against this virus. For example, if you are a healthcare worker, or work at a daycare or residential centre. (Women with hepatitis B can pass on the infection to their child at childbirth.)
Cats and kittens often carry toxoplasma germs.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Cats and kittens often carry toxoplasma germs. Especially cat poo (faeces). So, cleaning out cat litters and handling cats and kittens can be a risk.
Cats and kittens often carry toxoplasma germs. Especially cat poo (faeces). So, cleaning out cat litters and handling cats and kittens can be a risk.
This is because some lambs are born contaminated with germs such as listeria, toxoplasma and chlamydia which may affect you and your unborn baby.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
If you work with certain animals. For example:
If you work with certain animals. For example:
- You should avoid contact with sheep and lambs at lambing time. This is because some lambs are born contaminated with germs such as listeria, toxoplasma and chlamydia which may affect you and your unborn baby.
If these germs infect adults, they may cause listeriosis or toxoplasmosis, but may cause little harm.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/planning-to-become-pregnant
Raw meat is sometimes contaminated with germs, such as listeria and toxoplasma. If these germs infect adults, they may cause listeriosis or toxoplasmosis, but may cause little harm. However, these germs can cause serious problems to your unborn child if you become infected when you are pregnant.
Raw meat is sometimes contaminated with germs, such as listeria and toxoplasma. If these germs infect adults, they may cause listeriosis or toxoplasmosis, but may cause little harm. However, these germs can cause serious problems to your unborn child if you become infected when you are pregnant.
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