Left Lateral Wall.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome

Before and after implantation of the lateral wall with Alloderm to simulate the function of the missing inferior Turbinate.

The bulking up of the sub-mucosa and Mucosa.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome


Implant Materials-
The bulking up of the sub-mucosa and mucosa to create a neo-turbinate structure can be achieved through implanting some supporting material between the bone/cartilage and also into the submucosal layer. Many materials have been tried over the past 100 years. In most cases this operation was used to restore heat and humidity to atrophic noses.

Cotton applied to simulate the Resistance.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome

Cotton applied to simulate the resistance that an implant will add to the over-reduced inferior Turbinate.

Turbinate tissue is unique and there are no potential donor sites in the body from which to harvest similar Tissue.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome

Turbinate tissue is unique and there are no potential donor sites in the body from which to harvest similar tissue. However, in the nose, form equals function. It is therefore possible to restore some function by restoring the natural contours and proportions of the nasal passages: It is possible to create an artificial look-alike structure of a turbinate in the nasal cavities, and thus to regain some of the nose's capabilities to adequately resist, streamline, heat, humidify, filter, and sense the airflow.

It is possible to pinpoint the exact placement for the Implants.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome

 By doing so, he restricts and normalizes the nasal airflow patterns. This restores nasal aerodynamics. By trying different locations in accordance to the patient's feedbacks regarding the quality of his breathing and other ENS symptoms, it is possible to pinpoint the exact placement for the implants and their estimated shape and size.

Pre-surgical planning has a tremendous impact on the success of the Procedure.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_nose_syndrome

Pre-surgical planning has a tremendous impact on the success of the procedure. The surgeon is advised to perform a cotton test prior to the implantation: the surgeon places saline soaked chunks of cotton wool at the pre-planned site of implantation to simulate the implant.

Ebola Outbreak May Have Begun With Bats in a Dead Tree.

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-31/ebola-outbreak-may-have-begun-with-bats-in-a-dead-tree-in-guinea.html

The first patient in West Africa’s devastating Ebola outbreak, a 2-year-old boy in Guinea, may have gotten the disease from bats in a dead tree in his village, a new study reports.

Emile Ouamouno, who died last year on Dec. 6, was a resident of Meliandou, a cluster of 31 houses surrounded by farmland. Locals told researchers that kids used to play in a hollow tree about 50 meters (55 yards) from the boy’s home. Children used to catch and play with long-tailed, insect-eating bats that lived in the tree, which has since burned down, according to the study in the journal EMBO Molecular Medicine.

The findings cast doubt on the theory that the outbreak began with people who ate fruit bats, which are known to carry the Ebola virus. Ouamouno’s family members didn’t hunt fruit bats, and a food-transmitted virus probably would’ve affected others at the same time the boy was sickened, the researchers said. That leaves the insectivores -- known locally as lolibelo and scientifically as Mops condylurus -- as the likely culprit, said the study, led by the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin.

In the future, epidemiologists should widen their samples to include insect-eating bats, the study said. While the researchers advised educating people about contact with bats, they counseled against killing the animals because of the role they play in local ecosystems.

The Ebola outbreak has killed 7,879, almost all of them in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, according to the World Health Organization. In Ouamouno’s family, the sole survivor was his father, who hadn’t lived in the household for several years, the study said.

An Ebola virus virion.